Iris Jimenez Pitre ¹, Geomar Molina-Bolivar ¹, Raul Martelo Gomez ²

Affiliations
1 Research Group, BIEMARC, Universidad de La Guajira, Riohacha, CO
2 Research Group, GIMATICA, Universidad de Cartagena, CO

Abstract

Objective: To develop digital inclusion strategies that could be linked to the Colombians with the key factors of society: Government, education and business. Methods: With the document review, a questionnaire was designed for the collection of data; validated by experts. Reliability was measured through the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, obtaining a value of 0.83. The instrument had a high reliability with 16 questions of the dimensions: Accessibility, integration and management of employment equity. The Lickert scale was kind of five response options: Very high = 5, high = 4, Moderate = 3, Low = 2 and very low =1. Findings: It is considered that the Colombian citizen has a very high degree in the use of information and communication technologies and access to these to reduce the time requests and procedures performed with state institutions and the private sector. The social environment had forced it to digitally literate through various state agencies as is the case of the universities. The results obtained indicate that the University has the opportunity to train citizens in digital. In addition, to improve the skills of citizens so that they have better possibilities to improve the living conditions and be in keeping with the demands of society. Application/Improvements: The university extension constitutes the academic element suitable to relate the academy with the environment and bring knowledge to the society. In Colombia, the conditions are given to implement policies of digital inclusion; due to the increase in the levels of Internet access and the regulation of inclusion developed by the government through the MinTic.

Keywords

Colombian Society, Digital Empowerment, Education Sector, Information and Communication Technologies, Linking of Citizens

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Geomar Molina-Bolivar ¹, Iris Agustina Jimenez Pitre ¹, Marlon J. Bastidas-Barrannco ²

Affiliations
1 Biemarc, Universidad de La Guajira, Riohacha, CO
2 Destacar, Universidad de La Guajira, CO

Abstract

Objective: The research was aimed to describe the distribution of benthic macro invertebrates associated with estuarine ecosystem the Riito (ER) in Riohacha, La Guajira. Methods: The benthic macro invertebrates were evaluated in three sites: The Quebrada (LQ), Villa Co familiar (VC) and the mouth (DB) during the period between December (2008) and July (2009). The physical and chemical variables that were identified were: salinity (UPS), water temperature (ºC), Turbidity (cm), alkalinity (mg/l CaCO3), hardness (mg/l CaCO3), pH, OD (mgL-1) % saturation of OD (%), depth (cm), granulometry (%), organic matter (%), the air temperature (°C), precipitation (mm) and humidity. The sediment and biological samples were taken with an Ekman dredge (0.02 m2). Findings: The taxa Artropoda (Malacostraca, Ostracoda and Insecta), Mollusca (Bivalvia and Gasteropoda) and Annelida (Polychaeta) were the populations collected. The average was the 15.995 ind*m-2; the lower value was obtained in December (121 ind*m-2) and the highest in July (3,348 ind*m-2). LQ presented the highest density (4778 ind*m-2). The taxon present at all sites was Tynaponinae, the rich were gender Tubifex and platyrachis Pyrgophorus. The diversity (H’) was 0.75 1.24 on LQ; in VC and 1.63 in DB, the richness (R1) was 1.00 1.79 on LQ; in VC and 2.55 in DB and equity (E) 0.66 0.65 in DB, in VC and 0.92 in DB. Application: The distribution community structure of agencies such as the abundance, species richness, and the physical and chemical variables of the water, sediment and environmental were correlated. The variations and fluctuations of saturation of OD, Sand Media and very fine sand, silt and clay regulated communities.

Keywords

Benthic Macro Invertebrates, Distribution, Estuarine Ecosystem

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Elvis Eliana Pinto Aragon ¹, Carmenza Leonor Mendoza Catano ¹, Annherys Isabel Paz Marcano ², Geomar Molina-Bolivar ³

Affiliations
1 Grupo de Investigacion Encuentro Con La Investigacion, Universidad de La Guajira, CO
2 Grupo de Investigacion AIKA, Universidad de La Guajira, CO
3 Grupo de Investigacion BIEMARC, Universidad de La Guajira, CO

Abstract

Objective: This research was aimed to analyze the job satisfaction as an agent of development of the people in the University of La Guajira. Materials and Methods: The positivist paradigm of descriptive and analytical research, non-experimental design, transactional in the field, the information was applied the technique of the survey and instrument a questionnaire of 24 items with multiple options to 59 employees of the administrative career, validated by 5 experts while reliability is Cronbach’s Alpha applied the formula with 0.91 of reliability and interpreted the data using descriptive statistics. Findings: Job satisfaction is based on extrinsic factors, as an agent of development in the university object of study, creating an area that provides synergy, conviviality and well-being to the collaborators through the achievements awarded as opportunity for professional growth and development in the area of work that serves as the tool associated to gain knowledge and skills, thus developing attitudes for the benefit of the work in their day-to-day work during the performance of assigned functions. Application/Improvements: It is suggested to keep the factor of satisfaction in the work spaces, managing to increase motivation in the work performance of the staff of the administrative career.

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Danny Daniel Lopez Juvinao ¹, Darcy Luz Mendoza Fernandez ², Geomar Molina-Bolivar ³

Affiliations
1 IPAITUG, Universidad de La Guajira, Riohacha, CO
2 EITAJAA, Universidad de La Guajira, CO
3 BIEMARC, Universidad de La Guajira, CO

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to analyse the social responsibility in mining organizations of salt in the Colombian department of La Guajira. Materials and Methods: The research was descriptive, non-experimental design, transactional, and in the field. The study population was made up by the Community in the area of influence of exploitation and processing of the salt in the department of La Guajira, as are the towns of Manaure, Maicao and Uribia. Findings: According to the results obtained in the investigation, for companies that exploit and processed salt in the Colombian department of La Guajira; the dimensions of corporate social responsibility present determined that these are presented in a fairly effective, in both trends mean the scale used, which are not set properly, to reflect weaknesses relating to the social and environmental dimensions. Taking into account a better implementation of this social responsibility, according to the inhabitants of the municipalities that make up the area of influence, it could correct it and redefine for the mining sector of the salt; to analyze the social responsibility in mining organizations, it was determined that this is done in a fairly effective, resulting acceptable dimensions and programs identified, the elements described and social balance sheet items characterized in the study by mining companies. Application/Improvements: The results obtained in the investigation indicate that Corporate Social Responsibility Programs show a moderately positive reception, it requires a continuous work for the sake of the improvement of the processes in the production companies and mining.

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Katuisca Acosta ¹, Iris A. Jimenez-Pitre ², Geomar Molina-Bolivar ²

Affiliations
1 Agricultural Microbiology Laboratory. University of Zulia, VE
2 BIEMARC research group. University of La Guajira, CO

Abstract

Objective: The effect of residual sludge of industrial shrimp farming on the initial growth of maize is conducted. Materials and Methods: We used bags of 5 kg with polystirene surface horizon + mud-cattle manure (L+Mo). We used an experimental design totally at random with four treatments: T1: 0% (50 kg ha -1 CV + 0 ton.ha -1 L+ Mo + complete formula 14-14-14), T2: 2% (49 kg ha-1 HP+52 ton ha-1 L + Mo) T3: 4% (48 kg ha-1 CV ton.ha-1 139-141 Cromwell Road L+Mo) and T4: 6% (47 kg ha-1 CV+156 ton ha-1 L + Mo) and 10 repetitions. Results: Non-destructive variables were evaluated (plant height, number of sheeths, the stem thickness, average length of the leaves and average width of the leaves) using repeated measures in time with five weekly evaluations and destructive variables (leaf area, dry mass and air and ischolar_main) using a 4x2 factorial, with 4 treatments and 2 evaluations (21 and 35 days after sowing). In the first evaluation (21 days after) no differences were observed between treatments; while for the second evaluation (35 days after) the T4 with the dose of 156 ton.ha-1L + MO showed the greatest growth of maize during under controlled conditions. Applications: The incorporation of sludge produced improvements in physical and chemical properties of the soil recipient.

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Miriam Rosiris Munoz Estrada ¹, Iris A. Jimenez-Pitre ², Geomar Molina-Bolivar ²

Affiliations
1 Territorios Semiaridos Research Group. University of La Guajira, CO
2 BIEMARC Research Group, University of La Guajira, CO

Abstract

Objective: This research was conducted in the district of Integrated Management (DMI) Rancheria River delta in the city of Riohacha; the purpose was to analyse the contribution of eco-etnoturistica activity for the preservation and/or recovery of this important ecosystem and the Wayuu indigenous culture settled in this area. Materials and Methods: Taking into account the above facts were analyzed within the community of the delta of the River Rancheria, with the designing of an array FODA, where participants identified the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, strengths and threats to the community to organize and undertake new challenges to improve their quality of life and improve environmental quality, preserve the ecosystem of the DMI and their ancestral culture. Finding: The result is a tool of the management and planning of similar projects, promoting to strengthen the actions of conservation, use and sustainable management of biodiversity, mangroves, and the adaptive capacity of coastal communities settled in the area. We conducted a participatory diagnosis that examined the environmental and cultural features of the area, to define sustainability indicators and establish the true potential. Applications: described the tourism potential in the Rancheria River delta with all its potential through planning tools, socio-cultural organization, articulation-district government and community management of tourist space for the development and better management of resources provided by this ecosystem.

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Geomar Molina-Bolivar ¹, Iris Jimenez Pitre ¹, Patricia Chavarry Ysla ²

Affiliations
1 Group of Research BIEMARC, Universidad de La Guajira, CO
2 Universidad Privada del Norte, PE

Abstract

Objective: This research was to identify the learning styles (EA) used by students in the program of Biology at the University of La Guajira (Colombia) and of the biomedical area of the University of the Lord of Sipan (Peru), in order to establish a direct relationship between these styles. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Subjects were surveyed 36 first half of the program of Biology at the University of La Guajira, and 36 in the second half of the biomedical area of the University of the Lord of Sipan. For the collection of the information was used the questionnaire learning styles Honey-Alonso (CHAEA). Findings: Subsequently, a descriptive analysis was performed and standard deviation of the data. The students of the University of La Guajira (Colombia), showed mainly a pragmatic style, in contrast to the students of the University of the Lord of Sipan (Peru), which showed mainly a reflective style. Application/Improvements: However, in both groups of students is considered to be a trend toward a mixed learning style. It is recommended to teachers to encourage students to strengthen the learning processes using various tools.

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Katiuska Acosta-Marcano ¹, Cateryna Aiello-Mazzarri ², Katheryn Atencio-Acosta ³, Geomar Molina-Bolivar ⁴, Iris Jimenez-Pitre ⁴

Affiliations
1 Laboratorio de Microbiologia Agricola, Universidad del Zulia, VE
2 Universidad del Zulia-Venezuela, VE
3 Universidad “Rafael Urdaneta", VE
4 Group of Rechearch BIEMARC, Universidad de La Guajira, CO

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the toxic effects of metals on the crop Beans (Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp). Materials and Methods: assays of seed germination, elongation of the ischolar_main, growth of hypocotyl and radicle in these plants as biomonitoring parameters varying concentrations of metals. The metals selected for this study were Cd and Pb. Findings: The seeds of V. unguiculata were sensitive to the presence of metals in comparison to the behavior of plants witnesses, showing all the biomarkers evaluated sensitivity to Cd and Pb however did not complete blockade of the germination and initial growth of seedlings, being the effect more dramatic by the presence of cadmium than with lead, observing a maximum values in the germination rate of 63 and 80%, respectively, in comparison with the control treatment, which were correlated with strongly to changes in morphology and anatomy of the seed. Application/Improvements: The Bean was able to survive and tolerate these polluting metals, so it could be used for the ecotoxicological monitoring of contaminated soils for future studies of phytoremediation.

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Iris Jimenez Pitre ¹, Ruben Dario Cardenas Espinosa ², Geomar Molina-Bolivar ¹

Affiliations
1 Research Group BIEMARC, University of La Guajira, Riohacha, CO
2 Research Group GICEMET, Centro Metalmecanico, SENA Distrito Capital, Bogota, CO

Abstract

Objective: This research is to introduce the use of Information and Communication Technologies ICT as experience in E-social inclusion through the B-Learning in the teaching of the programming logic. Materials and Methods: The methodology corresponds to an experimental research with analytical empirical approach descriptive in nature and cross-section through the Model PACIE (Exposure, Bounce, construction, testing and evaluation) in the training programs of the University of La Guajira, Caldas University, Atlantic International University, and the SENA, carried out in 4 phases: 1. Diagnosis and contextualization. 2. Pilot test in virtual training. 3. Pilot test in classroom training. 4. Transfer and replicability. Finding: The result was the application through hands-on labs mediated by technology in the teaching of the programming logic for troubleshooting. Application: In order to achieve an effective labor insertion is necessary to incorporate in educational processes three approaches: training in emotional intelligence to help remove barriers and prejudices that have people who have been detained in prison, financial intelligence training that allows them to obtain wealth and appropriate management of resources and training technique applied focused on policy formulation, monitoring, implementation and evaluation of projects of technological development and innovation or entrepreneurship to play a craft or trade or with the option Apply to the contests of the government with high odds of winning versus the other.

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Rodrigo Gamez Pitre ¹, Carlos Robles-Julio ¹, Geomar Molina-Bolivar ²

Affiliations
1 Universidad de La Guajira, Riohacha, CO
2 Grupo de Investigacion BIEMARC, Universidad de La Guajira, Riohacha, CO

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship between financial strategies and profitability in real estate companies in the municipality of Maracaibo, Venezuela. Materials and Methods: An analysis was applied descriptive, non-experimental, in the population under study, using a purposive sampling which covered four (4) selected companies, which were considered eight (8) reporting units (respondents). As an instrument of data collection was used a questionnaire composed of 72 items, with alternative answers with Likert-type scale, the same was validated by five (5) experts in the area of finance, with a high reliability of the coefficient of 0.94 Alfa-Cronbach. Finding: The results obtained during the investigation indicate that the real estate companies apply moderately, although in effectiveness financial strategies for the search for liquidity in the operations, but if you are identified with the measurement parameters to maintain the profitability of the business. Application: It was demonstrated that there is a high significant correlation (r = 0.83; P = 0.011) between both variables in the study.

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